Table of Contents
AI Summary:
This article covers everything bulk buyers, government health agencies, NGOs, hospitals, and healthcare procurement officers need to know about the iCARE Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi Antigen Rapid Test (Feces) manufactured and supplied by JAL Medical (www.jalmedical.com). The test is a CE-marked, lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay that simultaneously detects Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi (types A, B, and C) antigens directly from human fecal specimens – delivering results in 15–20 minutes with sensitivity of 98.03% for S. Typhi and 98.00% for Paratyphi. This article explores the product’s clinical performance, how the test works, procurement guidelines, global relevance, and answers the most frequently asked questions from institutional buyers.
The Hidden Burden of Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fever: Why Rapid Diagnosis Matters
Typhoid and paratyphoid fever remain among the most pressing public health challenges in low- and middle-income countries. Caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Paratyphi (A, B, and C), enteric fever infects an estimated 12.5 million people annually, with the highest burden in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Southeast Asia.
The diagnosis of typhoid has historically depended on blood cultures – a process that takes 3–7 days, requires laboratory infrastructure, and lacks sensitivity, particularly in patients who have already started antibiotics. The Widal test, long used as a serological alternative, is plagued by cross-reactivity and poor specificity. Healthcare systems serving high-burden populations urgently need a fast, accurate, low-cost typhoid diagnostic test that can be used in field settings, district hospitals, and primary health care centres.
This is precisely the gap that the iCARE Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi Antigen Rapid Test from JAL Medical addresses.
Critically, unlike many competitor products that test only for Salmonella Typhi, the iCARE test detects both Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi (types A, B and C) from a single fecal specimen – making it uniquely valuable for areas where paratyphoid fever is co-circulating, as Paratyphi A is now recognized as the second most prevalent cause of enteric fever globally.
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What Is the iCARE Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi Antigen Rapid Test?
The iCARE Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi Antigen Rapid Test is a professional-use, in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) rapid test kit that detects Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi (type A, B, and C) antigens in human fecal specimens using lateral flow immunochromatographic technology.
Key product facts:
- Manufacturer/Supplier: JAL Medical (www.jalmedical.com)
- Brand: iCARE ADVANCED
- Specimen type: Human fecal (stool) specimen
- Detection targets: S. Typhi antigens AND Paratyphi A, B, C antigens
- Result time: 15–20 minutes
- Methodology: Lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay (colloidal gold)
- Pack sizes available: 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 20, 25, 40 Tests/Kit
- Use level: Healthcare professional / professional IVD use
- Storage temperature: 2–30°C (no freezing required)
- Shelf life: 24 months from date of manufacture
- Certification: CE marked; WHO-aligned performance standards
How Does the Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi Antigen Rapid Test Work?
Understanding the test mechanism helps procurement officers and laboratory managers evaluate its reliability for their clinical and field settings.
The Science Behind the Test
The iCARE test uses a lateral flow immunoassay format, one of the most trusted rapid diagnostic platforms in global health. The membrane strip is pre-coated with polyclonal anti-Salmonella antibodies in the test line region (T). The test employs a combination of monoclonal antibody/colloidal gold dye conjugate and a polyclonal antibody to qualitatively detect S. Typhi and/or Paratyphi antigens.
When the fecal extract is applied to the device, antigens from S. Typhi or Paratyphi, if present, bind to the gold-conjugated anti-Salmonella antibody particles. This complex then migrates by capillary action along the membrane and is captured by the antibodies immobilized at the test line (T), producing a visible colored band. A control line (C) confirms the test has functioned correctly.
Step-by-Step: How to Perform the Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi Antigen Rapid Test
Step 1: Prepare Materials
Ensure the test device, specimen collection tube, and patient stool sample are equilibrated to room temperature (15–30°C) before beginning.
Step 2: Collect the Fecal Specimen
Using the provided specimen collection stick, randomly stab it into the fecal specimen at at least five different sites. Do not scoop – only the grooves of the collection stick should carry the specimen. Excess stool may block the specimen well.
Step 3: Prepare the Extracted Specimen
Screw the collection stick back into the tube. Tighten securely. Shake the tube vigorously to extract S. Typhi/Paratyphi antigens from the specimen into the extraction buffer.
Step 4: Load the Test Device
Remove the test device from its foil pouch and place it on a dry, flat, level surface. Label it with the patient ID. Hold the specimen collection tube vertically, unscrew the cap, and add 2 drops (approximately 70–90 µL) of extracted specimen into the specimen well (S).
Step 5: Start the Timer
Immediately start a timer. Do not move or disturb the device during the testing period.
Step 6: Read Results at 15–20 Minutes
- Positive result: Two colored lines appear – one in the control region (C) and one in the test region (T). Any faint T line within the observation time is a positive result.
- Negative result: Only one line in the control region (C). No line in the test region (T).
- Invalid result: Control line (C) does not appear. Repeat the test with a new device.
Do not interpret results after 20 minutes.
Clinical Performance: Accuracy You Can Rely On
For bulk buyers, hospitals, and government procurement bodies, validated clinical performance data is non-negotiable. The iCARE Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi Antigen Rapid Test has been evaluated using clinical fecal samples from symptomatic, culture-positive patients (1st week of illness) against a reference RT-PCR assay.
Performance Data: S. Typhi Detection
| Metric | Result |
| Sensitivity (Positive Percent Agreement) | 98.03% (95% CI: 93.13%–99.46%) |
| Specificity (Negative Percent Agreement) | 99.50% (95% CI: 97.22%–99.91%) |
| Overall Accuracy | 99.00% (95% CI: 97.12%–99.66%) |
Performance Data: Paratyphi Detection
| Metric | Result |
| Sensitivity (Positive Percent Agreement) | 98.00% (95% CI: 89.50%–99.65%) |
| Specificity (Negative Percent Agreement) | 99.54% (95% CI: 97.47%–99.92%) |
| Overall Accuracy | 99.25% (95% CI: 97.34%–99.80%) |
Cross-Reactivity Testing
The test was evaluated against a panel of other gastrointestinal pathogens. No cross-reactivity was observed with:
- Rotavirus
- Adenovirus
- H. Pylori
- Vibrio cholerae
This high specificity is critical in endemic areas where multiple gastrointestinal infections co-exist and where incorrect diagnosis leads to inappropriate antibiotic use and wasted healthcare resources.
Why Bulk Buyers, Governments & NGOs Choose iCARE Salmonella Test Kits
Dual Detection: Typhi + Paratyphi in One Test
Most typhoid rapid diagnostic tests on the market detect only S. Typhi. The iCARE test uniquely detects Paratyphi A, B, and C simultaneously – crucial for outbreak response and epidemiological surveillance in regions where both pathogens are endemic.
No Laboratory Equipment Required
The test is entirely self-contained. No centrifuge, spectrophotometer, or PCR machine is required. This makes it ideal for district hospitals, refugee health facilities, field epidemiology, mobile health units, and low-resource laboratories.
Fecal Antigen Testing – Not Serology
Unlike serology-based tests (antibody detection), antigen testing directly confirms active, current infection – not past exposure. This is the key reason fecal antigen tests are now preferred by clinical guidelines for enteric fever diagnosis.
Rapid Turnaround in Outbreak Response
In typhoid outbreaks, early case identification is critical to prevent transmission. A 15–20 minute result at the point of care enables same-visit treatment decisions, reducing hospital bed occupancy and preventing spread.
Wide Pack Size Options for Bulk Procurement
Available in 1 to 40 tests per kit, JAL Medical accommodates both small facility orders and large-scale government/NGO tenders with bulk pricing.
Stable Storage – No Cold Chain Complexity
Storage at 2–30°C means no complex cold chain infrastructure. Suitable for procurement to tropical and subtropical countries in Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Caribbean.
Salmonella Typhi Rapid Test for Government & Institutional Procurement
JAL Medical supplies the iCARE Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi Antigen Rapid Test to hospitals, government health departments, international NGOs, and bulk distributors across 57 African countries, Caribbean nations, and Central Asian countries. The company has extensive experience fulfilling large-volume orders for WHO-backed tenders and national disease surveillance programs.
Recommended procurement applications include:
- National Typhoid Fever Control Programs
- District Hospital Laboratory Supply Programs
- WHO-Backed Enteric Fever Surveillance Projects
- Refugee Camp and Humanitarian Aid Medical Supplies
- Military and Defence Medical Corps Diagnostic Kits
- School Health Programs and Community Screening Campaigns
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Comparison: iCARE Salmonella Test vs. Traditional Typhoid Diagnostic Methods
| Method | Time to Result | Equipment Needed | Detects Active Infection | Field Use |
| Blood Culture | 3–7 days | Laboratory | Yes | No |
| Widal Test (Serology) | 2–4 hours | Basic lab | Poor (detects past exposure) | Limited |
| RT-PCR | 4–8 hours | PCR machine | Yes | No |
| iCARE Salmonella Antigen Test | 15–20 minutes | None | Yes | Yes |
Storage, Handling & Shelf Life for Bulk Consignments
- Storage temperature: 2–30°C – away from direct sunlight
- Do not freeze the test kit or its components
- Shelf life: 24 months from the date of manufacture
- Keep dry – the desiccant in each foil pouch maintains stability
- Extracted specimens may be stored at 2–8°C for up to 3 days or frozen at ≤–20°C for longer storage
For large-scale procurement, JAL Medical provides export-grade packaging suitable for sea freight, air freight, and land transport to tropical countries.
Frequently Asked Questions on Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi Antigen Rapid Test
What makes the iCARE test different from other Salmonella Typhi rapid tests?
Most rapid typhoid tests detect only S. Typhi. The iCARE test detects both Salmonella Typhi AND Paratyphi (A, B, and C) from a single fecal specimen, providing broader diagnostic coverage in a single test - without additional cost.
What specimen type does this test use?
The test uses human fecal (stool) specimens. A dedicated specimen collection tube with extraction buffer is included in each kit. No blood draw is needed, which reduces biosafety risk and simplifies collection in community settings.
What is the sensitivity and specificity of the test?
The test achieves 98.03% sensitivity and 99.50% specificity for S. Typhi, and 98.00% sensitivity and 99.54% specificity for Paratyphi, when compared against a reference RT-PCR assay using culture-positive clinical specimens.
Can this test be used in field settings or remote areas?
Yes. No laboratory equipment is required. The test can be performed wherever specimens can be collected - including field clinics, mobile health units, refugee camps, and primary health centres - by trained healthcare professionals.
How should a government or NGO place a bulk order?
Contact JAL Medical directly via www.jalmedical.com. JAL Medical has experience fulfilling WHO-backed large-volume tenders and can provide OEM/co-branding options, custom packaging, and documentation for regulatory submissions in buyer countries.
What pack sizes are available for bulk procurement?
Pack sizes include: 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 20, 25, and 40 Tests/Kit. Large-volume orders are accommodated with flexible packaging and labelling options.
Does a positive result confirm typhoid fever?
A positive result indicates the presence of S. Typhi or Paratyphi antigens in the specimen and is considered a preliminary positive. Results should be interpreted alongside clinical findings and, where required, confirmed with blood culture or PCR per national guidelines.
What is the shelf life, and does it require cold chain management?
The test has a 24-month shelf life from the date of manufacture. It can be stored at 2–30°C without freezing - simplifying logistics significantly compared to vaccines or PCR reagents requiring strict cold chain.
Is the test approved or certified?
The iCARE Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi Antigen Rapid Test meets CE marking standards. JAL Medical's manufacturing facilities are ISO 13485:2016 and GMP certified.
Can this test be used to monitor treatment response?
While the test detects active antigen, clinical monitoring should always be guided by a physician. The test is primarily validated for initial diagnosis and case detection during the first week of illness when antigen load is highest.
